天然药材
功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions
散瘀止血。主治
Promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis. Used for treating...
血淋，小便不利。用法用量
Blood in the urine, difficult urination. Dosage and administration.
内服：煎汤，30-45g（鲜用）。相关论述
Internal administration: Decoction, 30-45g (fresh). Relevant discussion.
《本草纲目》：“治血淋，利小便。”加工炮制 采收加工
"Compendium of Materia Medica": "Treats hematuria and promotes urination." Processing and preparation: collection and processing.
夏、秋二季挖根，洗净，晒干或鲜用。药材鉴别 药材性状
In summer and autumn, the roots are dug, cleaned, and dried in the sun or used fresh. Medicinal materials identification and characteristics of medicinal materials.
根呈纺锤形，灰褐色，有多数须根。植物学信息 植物种属
The roots are spindle-shaped, gray-brown, with numerous fibrous roots. Botanical information about the plant species.
菊科植物苦苣菜。形态特征
Chrysanthemum bittercress, a plant of the Asteraceae family. Morphological characteristics.
一年生或二年生草本。根圆锥状，垂直直伸，有多数纤维状的须根。茎直立，单生，高40-150厘米，有纵条棱或条纹，不分枝或上部有短的伞房花序状或总状花序式分枝，全部茎枝光滑无毛，或上部花序分枝及花序梗被头状具柄的腺毛。基生叶羽状深裂，全形长椭圆形或倒披针形，或大头羽状深裂，全形倒披针形，或基生叶不裂，椭圆形、椭圆状戟形、三角形、或三角状戟形或圆形，全部基生叶基部渐狭成长或短翼柄；中下部茎叶羽状深裂或大头状羽状深裂，全形椭圆形或倒披针形，长3-12厘米，宽2-7厘米，基部急狭成翼柄，翼狭窄或宽大，向柄基且逐渐加宽，柄基圆耳状抱茎，顶裂片与侧裂片等大或较大或大，宽三角形、戟状宽三角形、卵状心形，侧生裂片1-5对，椭圆形，常下弯，全部裂片顶端急尖或渐尖，下部茎叶或接花序分枝下方的叶与中下部茎叶同型并等样分裂或不分裂而披针形或线状披针形，且顶端长渐尖，下部宽大，基部半抱茎；全部叶或裂片边缘及抱茎小耳边缘有大小不等的急尖锯齿或大锯齿或上部及接花序分枝处的叶，边缘大部全缘或上半部边缘全缘，顶端急尖或渐尖，两面光滑毛，质地薄。头状花序少数在茎枝顶端排紧密的伞房花序或总状花序或单生茎枝顶端。总苞宽钟状，长1.5厘米，宽1厘米；总苞片3-4层，覆瓦状排列，向内层渐长；外层长披针形或长三角形，长3-7毫米，宽1-3毫米，中内层长披针形至线状披针形，长8-11毫米，宽1-2毫米；全部总苞片顶端长急尖，外面无毛或外层或中内层上部沿中脉有少数头状具柄的腺毛。舌状小花多数，黄色。瘦果褐色，长椭圆形或长椭圆状倒披针形，长3毫米，宽不足1毫米，压扁，每面各有3条细脉，肋间有横皱纹，顶端狭，无喙，冠毛白色，长7毫米，单毛状，彼此纠缠。花果期5-12月。分布区域
A one or two-year herbaceous plant. The roots are conical, vertically extending, with numerous fibrous rootlets. The stem is erect, solitary, 40-150 centimeters tall, with longitudinal ridges or stripes, unbranched or with short umbel-like or corymbose inflorescences in the upper part, all stem branches smooth and hairless, or with glandular hairs on the inflorescence branches and pedicels in the upper part. Basal leaves are pinnately deeply lobed, entire elongate elliptic or inverted lanceolate, or pinnately deeply lobed with large heads, entire inverted lanceolate, or unlobed elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, triangular, or triangular-lanceolate, all basal leaves gradually narrowing into long or short winged petioles; middle and lower stem leaves pinnately deeply lobed or large-headed pinnately deeply lobed, entire elliptic or inverted lanceolate, 3-12 centimeters long, 2-7 centimeters wide, abruptly narrowing into winged petioles at the base, wings narrow or broad, gradually widening towards the base, with rounded auriculate stem-clasping bases, terminal lobes equal or larger than lateral lobes, broadly triangular, lanceolate-triangular, ovate-heart-shaped, lateral lobes 1-5 pairs, elliptic, often downward curved, with acute or gradually pointed tips at the ends, lower stem leaves or leaves below the inflorescence branches similar to middle and lower stem leaves, either lobed or unlobed and lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, gradually pointed at the tips, broad at the base, semi-clasping the stem; all leaves or lobes have unevenly sized acute serrations, large serrations, or mostly entire margins, with acute or gradually pointed tips at the ends, smooth and hairy on both sides, thin texture. The capitulum inflorescences are few, densely arranged in umbel-like or corymbose inflorescences at the top of the stem branches or solitary at the top of the stem branches. The involucre is broadly campanulate, 1.5 centimeters long, 1 centimeter wide; involucral bracts 3-4 layers, arranged in a tile-like pattern, gradually longer towards the inner layers; outer bracts long lanceolate or long triangular, 3-7 millimeters long, 1-3 millimeters wide, middle to inner bracts long lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 8-11 millimeters long, 1-2 millimeters wide; the tips of all involucral bracts are acute, hairless on the outside or with a few glandular hairs on the upper part of the outer or middle inner bracts along the midrib. Ligulate florets are numerous, yellow. Achenes are brown, elongate elliptic or elongate elliptic-inverted lanceolate, 3 millimeters long, less than 1 millimeter wide, compressed, with 3 fine veins on each side, transverse wrinkles between the ribs, narrow at the tip, without a beak, white pappus, 7 millimeters long, single hair-like, intertwined with each other. Flowering and fruiting period is from May to December. Distribution area.
全国各地。生长环境
All over the country. Growing environment.
生于田边、山野、路旁。
Born in fields, mountains, and by the roadside.